Physics of Gymnastics :: physics sport sports gymnast gymnastics

Gymnasts use natural philosophy everyday. As a gymnast I neer realized how practically physics went into every motion, every back handspring, every mistake on the bars. If gymnasts were physicists (or at least knew more about physics) they would be better equipped to get over the difficult aspects of gymnastics. As a gymnast I learned the motions that were necessary to complete the tricks that I was working on, and as a coach I taught others the same. I never truly understood why a particular angle gave me a better back handspring or why the angle that I hit a springboard at really mattered when completing a vault. We are going to explore some of the different apparatuses in gymnastics and a few of the physics laws that are involved in them. We will not even barely scratch the surface of the different ways that physics lot explain gymnastics.Newtons Laws Newtons Laws can be found in the textbook, Physics for Scientists and Engineers by Serway.Newtons First Law An i ntent remains at rest, or in motion, unless an external force acts upon it.Newtons bite Law The acceleration of a body or object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the body or object and is inversely proportional to its mass. F = ma Newtons Third Law For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.The Floor There are many aspects of physics found on the floor. The gymnast performs on a floor that measures 12 x 12 meters, with an additional safety border of 1 metre. The doing area must have a surface elasticity, to allow for power during take-off and softness for landing. (FIG) The surface elasticity found in the floor mat gives the gymnast wasted bounce which increases her momentum. Lets examine a basic stunting run. All three of Newtons Laws can be seen in this one tumbling run. We can see Newtons initiatory law before the gymnast takes even one step. Until she takes a step, the gymnast is at rest. When she is ready to tumb le the gymnast applies the force. A gymnast takes a running start when approaching a tumbling run, and as she is moving across the floor she is increasing her momentum. This is a demonstration of Newtons second law.

Description, Visual and Auditory Clues, and Imagery in A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, By Hemingway :: A Clean Well-Lighted Place Essays

Description, Visual and Auditory Clues, and Imagery in A Clean, Well-Lighted Place   Each night I am reluctant to close up because there may be some one who needs the café (251). The waiter who speaks these words, in a Clean Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway, realizes that his café is more than only when a place to eat and drink. The main character of this story is an elderly, deaf domain who spends every evening at the same café until it closes. Setting is used to supporter the reader understand the old mans loneliness and the comfort he receives from the café. Hemingway uses channelise description, visual and auditory clues, and genius imagery to establish the setting and to develop this understanding.   Hemingway uses direct description at the very beginning of the story to establish the setting of the story for the reader. It was late and everyone had left the café except an old man who sat in the shadow the leaves of the tree mad e against the electric light. In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust...(249). This conveys a sense of solitude and peace which surrounds the old man. More importantly, this description gives the reader a feeling for the loneliness which has engulfed the old man. The use of shadows and light, along with solitude, gives the sense of loneliness.   The visual and auditory clues the condition uses are necessary in understanding why the old man continues to return to the café each night. Turning off the electric light he continue the conversation with himself. It is the light of course but it is necessary that the place be clean and pleasant. You do not sine qua non music. Certainly you do not want music (251). It is important that the café be well-lighted to counteract the old mans dark and lonely life. In addition, music would only be a distraction from his thoughts and a disruption of the solitude which quiet brings.   Finall y, through Hemingways use of sense imagery, the reader is able to understand why the old man visits the café at night. ...the old man liked to sit late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference (249). Evening brings a sense of serenity to the old man. The day time distractions, even for a deaf man, are replaced by evening solitude.

Analysis of The Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin :: The Story of an Hour Kate Chopin

In The Story of an Hour Kate Chopin tells the invention of a woman, Mrs. Mallard whose husband is thought to be dead. Throughout the story Chopin describes the emotions Mrs. Mallard felt about the news of her husbands death. However, the strong emotions she felt were not despair or sadness, they were something else. In a way she was relieved more than she was upset, and just about rejoiced in the thought of her husband no longer living. In using different literary elements throughout the story, Chopin conveys this to us on more than one occasion. In the third paragraph of the story, Chopin describes Mrs. Mallard as she goes into her room and sits on an arm extend. Chopin describes how Mallard ?sank pressed graduate by a physical exhaustion that haunted the proboscis and seemed to reach into her soul?. In this point of the story Chopin uses symbolism connecting Mrs. Mallard and the chair, the chair representing the death of her husband and her feelings about it. How it was ?a comf ortable roomy chair?, she is showing us how Mrs. Mallard was ?comfortable? with her husband?s death and at once felt she had room to exist freely. This is supported by the lines ?she would live for herself now. thither would be no powerful will bending her in the blind?? This demonstrating to the reader that she felt controlled by her husband, and that she would no longer bet tied down to the ways of the time, which were men control women. This also supported by Jennifer Hicks in her overview of the story which states Later, when we see Mrs. Mallard warm and relaxed, we realize that problem with her heart is that her nuptials has not allowed her to live for herself. Another example of how Mrs. Mallard was more uplifted than brought down by the news of her husband?s death is the description of the window. As Mrs. Mallard looks out Chopin explains ?she could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all a quiver with new life?. This is utter the reader abo ut the new life that Mrs. Mallard can see in the distance that symbolizes the new life she saw that lay ahead of her now that she was free of her husband. This thought being supported by Hicks in saying The revalation of freedom occurs in the bedroom

Junk :: essays research papers

In my last speech I talked about globalization and more than specifically the concern of NAFTA on the Mexican maize farmers. As a result of the removal of tariffs on agricultural products, Mexico, a country once self sufficient in basic grains, today imports 95 percent of its soy, 58 percent of its rice, 49 percent of its wheat, and 40 percent of its meat. This has resulted in Mexican corn farmers being put out of business. More than 80 percent of Mexicos extreme poor live in rural argonas, and more than 2 million argon corn farmers. There is no way they can compete with subsidized American agribusiness. In my last speech I didnt mention the affect of globalization on the U.S. In the U.S., a comparison between the 1930s and today tells a similar grim tale. Then, 25 percent of the population lived on the nations 6 million farms today, 2 million farms are home to 2 percent of the population. Small family farms have been overwhelmingly replaced by large commercial farms, with 8 per cent of farms accounting for 72 percent of sales. Small family farms cant compete with the large industrialized farms, where the only relevant objective is profit margin. dapple doing my research for this speech I was trying to find some type of policy that the U.S. carries for globalization, to my surprise there is no actual outlined policy. There are policies on various different topics that all fit into the globalization. I would like to concentrate on our trade policy in terms of agriculture.The World foxiness Organization (WTO) Agreement on Agriculture (AOA) requires that countries open their economies to agricultural products. Due to the low or at times non existent tariffs on importing and merchandise we are cutting jobs domestically and abroad. With American markets already saturated, the U.S. is aggressively pushing to open up foreign markets -- with great success. Already, one out of three soil planted in the United States produces food or fiber destined for export, an d one quarter of American farm sales are now exports. though agriculture was the incentive to lure the Third World into the WTO and other trade agreements, it has turned into the most contentious issue as the Third World is devastated by the dumping of cheap and subsidized agricultural products from the United States and the European Union. While beefing up agribusiness with agricultural subsidies (the U.

The Crimes of Crime and Punishment :: Dostoevsky Crime and Punishment

The Crimes of Crime and Punishment   Our topic for this paper is Crime and Punishmet, by Fyodor Dostoevsky . There are several different issues on this subject. We chose three main points to talk about The Crimes, the People who solved them, and the different types of punishments. These are the topics we chose for our report.   Crime in the nineteeth century was rapid though out London. solely because of all(a) of the poverty and sickness in the streets, crime was the only way to survive. Most of the crimes that took place in London were crimes that involved stealing. Pickpocket gangs and street gamblers were a regular sight when walking down a major London street. Prostitution was also a big money maker on the streets, do by both girls and boys. But crimes though out the middle class and rich were mostly property crimes and disputes which made up 90% of all crimes connected by the upper-class. In Victorian England and like today there a two categories which crim es fall under. "Indictable" which is the same as our felony crimes that make up all of the major crimes. These crimes consist of Murder, armed robbery, burglary, larceny, rape, and assaults on the police. The next called category is called " Summery " crimes which is equal to our misdemeanor crimes. Summery crimes were all minor crimes such as airscrew crimes, Vagrancy, Drunkenness, Prostitution, Minor Larceny , and all other minor offenses.   Probably the most famous criminal in the Victorian period was " Jack the Ripper ". Jack the Ripper was " the offshoot modern sexual serial killer" ( Sugden, pg.2) Jacks trademark was the killing of female prostitutes. But not only did he kill them, he would surgically bear away organs and intrails and place them near the dead body. "Jack the Ripper" wasnt his only nickname, he was also called " the Whitechaple murder " because the bodys were found near the Whitechapel Road, and " T he Leather Apron" because of a spell that would come by and beat up the prostitutes for no reason. Jack the Ripper is credited for 9 killings, but police think that he might be answerable for more. All of the killing accrued with in one square mile. Jack is described as carrying a long knife in which he would egress open his victims, and a black Gladstone bag, the contents of which is unknown.

The Crimes of Crime and Punishment :: Dostoevsky Crime and Punishment

The Crimes of Crime and Punishment   Our topic for this paper is Crime and Punishmet, by Fyodor Dostoevsky . There are some(prenominal) different issues on this subject. We chose three main points to talk about The Crimes, the People who solved them, and the different types of punishments. These are the topics we chose for our report.   Crime in the nineteeth century was rapid though out London. But because of all of the poverty and sickness in the streets, crime was the only way to survive. Most of the crimes that took place in London were crimes that involved stealing. angle of dip gangs and street gamblers were a regular sight when walking down a major London street. Prostitution was also a big money shaper on the streets, done by both girls and boys. But crimes though out the middle class and rich were mostly property crimes and disputes which made up 90% of all crimes committed by the upper-class. In Victorian England and like today there a two categories w hich crimes fall under. "Indictable" which is the same as our felony crimes that secure up all of the major crimes. These crimes consist of Murder, armed robbery, burglary, larceny, rape, and assaults on the police. The next called category is called " Summery " crimes which is equal to our misdemeanor crimes. Summery crimes were all minor crimes much(prenominal) as Property crimes, Vagrancy, Drunkenness, Prostitution, Minor Larceny , and all other minor offenses.   Probably the most famous criminal in the Victorian period was " horseshit the Ripper ". Jack the Ripper was " the first modern sexual serial killer" ( Sugden, pg.2) Jacks trademark was the killing of female prostitutes. But not only did he kill them, he would surgically remove organs and intrails and place them near the dead body. "Jack the Ripper" wasnt his only nickname, he was also called " the Whitechaple murder " because the bodys were found near the Whitech apel Road, and " The Leather proscenium" because of a man that would come by and beat up the prostitutes for no reason. Jack the Ripper is credited for 9 killings, but police think that he world power be responsible for more. All of the killing accrued with in one square mile. Jack is described as carrying a long knife in which he would cut open his victims, and a black Gladstone bag, the contents of which is unknown.

Using Aesthetic Guidelines in Elegant and Efficient Ways

Using esthetical guidelines in elegance and expeditious manner,acquire optimisation of open constructions improved.Undertaking summeryThis task seeks to witness blood between optimisation of open constructions and esthetical. During formal instruction, utilize scientists and fancyers may be exposed to issues of cogency in fancy hardly they are seldom expected to turn to the aesthetics of their radiation patterns. In the workplace eery bit good, there is sincerely small counsel for apply scientists and aimers wishing to turn to cardinal aesthetics and efficiency more well in intent. in that respectfore, research job is the kindred of aesthetics and efficiency of open constructions such as columns and trusses in macrocosm constructions has been acutely overlooked. Except for a bound successful confinement in structural art, we m some other confronted with deficiency of aesthetic characteristic in constructions and besides limited specii?c regulations are enfor ced in current design codifications about aesthetic characteristics. Some structural creative person such as Fazlorkhan and Nervi simulate the supposition that a construction that is efficient lead automatically be elegant ( sweet woodruff & A Billington, 2007 ) . Khan steadfastly asserts that construction is based on a sort of ground expressed mathematical theories, which has its ain inherent aesthetics. ( Khan, 1981 ) . This Idea is versus the impression that much money must be spent to set down forrard a beautiful construction. ( Nan Hu, Feng, & A Dai, 2014 ) . This research proposal is to look into the balance between optimisation of open constructions with its aesthetic and structures beauty. More specifically, the propose of this undertaking is to look into to develop conceptual programs and ocular guidelines for bettering the aesthetics and efficiency of open constructions particularly those in public infinite in interaction with people. This undertaking asks W hat are the cardinal factors in structural design that affect its aesthetic, What factors in open construction design can take us to hold efficient and elegance design?Research ObjectiveThe undermentioned research aims are formulated to accomplish the purpose of this surveyI. To develop conceptual programs and ocular guidelines for bettering the aesthetics and efficiency of open constructions.two. To place what factors in open constructions particularly columns and trusses design, can take to efficient and elegance design.three. To find how optimisation can consequence on aesthetic.four. To bank note columns and trusses design for public infinite in order to hold optimise and beautiful construction together.HypothesisThere are 2 different premise about relationship between construction and aesthetic. But utmost prejudice about elegance of optimized construction or high cost of elegance construction is under challenge.I. There are distinguishable relationship between construction a nd optimisation with aesthetic.two. The fancy that a construction that is efficient will automatically be elegant is non ever true.three. The impression that much money must be spent to bring forth a beautiful construction is misconception.four. Optimized constructions have their built-in aesthetic but this function will non use to any construction.Research QuestionsThis survey is covering with the following research inquiriesI. What are the cardinal factors in structural design that affect its aesthetic?two. How optimisation in open constructions can impact their aesthetic in order to do constructions more elegance to pull more people in public edifice?three. What factors in expose construction design can take us to hold efficient and elegance design?Research BackgroundIn savvy construct of aesthetic, because of different assignments and instruction backgrounds, there has been a long treatment between designer and structural applied scientist ( Nan Hu et al. , 2014 Sev, 2001 ) . Historically close relationship between professions such as computer architecture and structural technology are undeniable. Among the separating features between the two is the issue of aesthetic and efficiency ( Allen, 2010 Burke Jr, 1989 Nervi, 1965 Woodruff & A Billington, 2007 ) . Since the beginning of human idea, aesthetics have been a topic of philosophical argument. The simple inquiry, what is beauty? many replies are wedded to this inquiry by designers, philosophers, and applied scientists ( Lothian, 1999 ) . The major alteration occurred, when beauty as inherent in the object, displacement to sing it as in the eyes of the perceiver ( Arnett, 1955 N Hu & A Dai Lothian, 1999 Malan & A Bredemeyer, 2002 Rodriguez ) .Santayana stated ( Arnett, 1955 ) , that the experience of aesthetic is a hint to the character of the single holding that experience. Santayana besides asserts that the aesthetic component should non i?nally be abstracted from the serviceable and moral map of things ( Arnett, 1955 ) . The beauty of efficient constructions initiates resonance in the scruples of the spectator ( Saliklis, Bauer, & A Billington, 2008 ) . Therefore, the aesthetic quality of a efficient structural material body needfully arises within the restraints of the engineers ethical duty to society ( D. P. Billington, 1997 Burke & A Montoney, 1996 ) .While designers may underscore aesthetic to changing grades, applied scientists have to plan expeditiously because that is the most of import purpose of structural design. And the greatest plants of structural creative persons, integrate economic system, efi?ciency, and elegance ( Billington, 1983 ) . Since the rise of the recent span technology, nevertheless, great aesthetic value of construction has been cited by many structural creative persons ( N Hu & A Dai ) . The applied scientists began to understand the immune demeanour of constructions and the strength of stuffs. Larger buildings was built d ue to the new stuffs and hence, it became important to better apprehension of how they performed ( Billington, 1984 Schlaich, 2006 Sev, 2001 ) . Therefore, structural technology initiated to hold a scientific footing and as a consequence, split between architecture and construction became wider ( Billington, 1984 ) . When Telfords 1812 began to compose an essay on Bridgess, it makes modern structural creative persons witting of the aesthetic ideals that manoeuver their plants. The outstanding illustration of a structural art is, possibly, Brooklyn Bridge in New York and Eiffel Tower in Paris ( Billington, 1984 Burke & A Montoney, 1996 ) . America became the proficient leader and the centre of the artistic universe, After World War II. Many great structural creative persons immigrated to the US and had the chance to set their thought into descriptor ( Nan Hu et al. , 2014 ) . Mies van der rohe, one of the most of import designer and structural creative person, survived the da ze of the transatlantic crossing best and continued his thought to suck up Less is more , which can be seen in his plants in Chicago and Illinois ( N Hu & A Dai ) . Furthermore, construct of Form follows map, besides helped to give rise to the world-wide manner ( Lambert, 1993 Menn, 1996 ) . Alongside with international manner, some structural creative person such as Nervi and Fazlorkhan province the construct that a construction that is efficient will automatically be elegant . ( Nan Hu et al. , 2014 ) . Khan asserts that construction is based on a sort of ground expressed mathematical theories, which has its ain built-in aesthetics. ( Sabina Khan, 2013 ) . Simplicity of construction means paying attending to structural inside informations, and guaranting that the construction be every bit efi?cient as possible. He states that good perplex and efi?cient constructions possess the natural elegance of slenderness and ground, and have perchance a higher value than the c aprices of a priori aesthetics imposed by designers who do non do it how to work closely with applied scientists, and who do non hold an inner(a) feeling for natural structural signifiers ( Sabina Khan, 2013 ) . Nervi said that esteeming what is structurally rational and economically prudent really establishes the rightness and the moralss of edifice ( Nervi, 1965 ) . Architecture has faced infinite manners in order to make desire aesthetic, but the principium behind the structural art persist for a cost-efficient and performance-efi?cient design ( Billington, 1984 Schlaich, 2006 ) . The aesthetic look of a structural signifier is neither a pure desire to i?nd a form for ornament nor a subordination of its map otherwise a construction would be overdesigned without any visual aspect of structural art ( Schlaich, 2006 ) . Surveies have shown how design evolved to accomplish an efi?cient and elegance construction by understanding rules of structural. For illustration, Othma r Ammann designed Bayonne Bridge which can be considered work of structural art when compared to the similar design used in the Hell Gate Bridge, due to latter was less monumental and more functional ( Gauvreau, 2007 Thrall & A Billington, 2008 ) . Another illustration, the structural efi?ciency of Felix atomic number 48s Cuernavaca Chapel was achieved due to the understanding structural rule of shell. Candela minimized flexing minute in the shell and introduced the basic signifier of the inflated paraboloid for the design of ribs ( Draper, Garlock, & A Billington, 2008 ) . This type of structural signifiers have characteristics of higher efi?ciency and elegance visual aspect together. Therefore, elegance constructions do non necessitate utmost cost needfully ( S. L. Billington, 1997 Menn, 1996 Woodruff & A Billington, 2007 ) . Many illustrations have shown that within the bounds of structural feasibleness and efi?ciency, accomplishing an aesthetic end is possible. The histor y and aesthetics of cable-stayed Bridgess was discussed ( Billington & A Nazmy, 1991 ) . Another illustration was shown by Honigmann and Billington discussed the Sunniberg Bridge, designed by Christian Menn, to demo how simple computations of conceptual design can take to an ab initio aesthetically and structurally sensible span design ( Honigmann & A Billington, 2003 ) . Most recent structural creative persons valued aesthetic characteristic even more in their design works. Eduardo Torroja said that the enjoyment and witting apprehension of aesthetic pleasance will without uncertainty be much greater if, through cognition of the regulations of harmoniousness, we can bask all the rei?nement sand flawlessnesss of the edifice in inquiry. ( Torroja, 1962 ) .Problem StatementDue to the long argument between designers and structural applied scientists about efficiency and aesthetic, we have faced two misconception about structural design the thought that a construction that is efi?c ient will automatically be elegant ( Khan, 1981 ) . This Idea is versus the impression that much money must be spent to bring forth a beautiful construction. ( Nan Hu et al. , 2014 ) . For illustration structural design such as The Alamillo Bridge that are aesthetically advanced, structurally rational to construct ( Guest, Draper, & A Billington, 2012 ) . Yet designers and structural applied scientists tend to pay comparatively small attending to efficiency and aesthetics at the same clip for structural design. In the workplace every bit good, there is really small counsel for applied scientists and designers wishing to turn to both aesthetics and efficiency more closely in design. The relationship of aesthetics and efficiency of open constructions such as columns and trusses in public edifices has been sorely overlooked. Hence, except for a limited successful undertaking in structural art, we have confronted with deficiency of aesthetic characteristic in constructions and beside s limited specii?c regulations are enforced in current design codifications about aesthetic characteristics. Besides, many efficient construction are non beautiful besides many beautiful construction are non efficient either. Therefore, aesthetic guidelines for optimize construction are needed to be done.Research GapThere is small specii?c guideline about aesthetic characteristics of constructions, but many research workers proposed general guidelines on betterment of aesthetics. ( Leonhardt, 1984 ) formulated 10 regulations for span design and ( Troitsky, 1994 ) besides gave 10 demands for span aesthetics. In Leonhardts book Bridges, the nine regulations of aesthetics have presented. All these rules could be sorted into two groups, to better the elegance of constructions and to better their harmoniousness with the environment. Sarah Billington s PhD thesis is besides approximately bettering criterions short and moderate span span in aesthetic manner ( S. L. Billington, 1997 ) . Al though regulations can non vouch the elegance and efficiency of a construction at the same clip, at least they can assist interior decorators avoid certain sorts of unattractive designs. ( Nan Hu et al. , 2014 ) . There are really many rules and really many ways to happen them out. However, no counsel is given as to how to set them together in one undertaking ( D. P. Billington, 1997 ) . There is small aesthetic guideline that merely use to bridge ( Burke Jr, 1989 ) . And other type of constructions peculiarly exposed construction such as columns and trusses in public infinite due to its important function to pull people to architecture demand to be surveyed.Research MethodThe purpose of this survey is to look into the balance between optimisation in open construction ( columns and trusses ) in public edifice with its aesthetic and construction beauty. It will research optimisation of open construction with package analyze and quantitative method and will analyze their success in ae sthetic guideline with interviews. This survey will use the assorted methods consecutive explanatory design for this intent of informations aggregation. The assorted methods consecutive explanatory attack chiefly consists of two peculiar phases quantitative followed by the qualitative stage ( Ivankova, Creswell, & A Stick, 2006 Tashakkori & A Creswell, 2007 ) .Figure 1 The Mixed-Methods Sequential Explanatory DesignMentionAllen, B. ( 2010 ) . Architect and Engineer A weigh in Sibling Rivalry ( reappraisal ) .Common Knowledge, 16( 1 ) , 157-157.Arnett, W. E. ( 1955 ) . Santayana and the Sense of Beauty.Billington, D. P. ( 1983 ) . The tower and the span.Princeton U, 1983.Billington, D. P. ( 1984 ) . Constructing Bridges Positions on Recent Engineering.Annalss of the New York Academy of Sciences, 424( 1 ) , 309-324.Billington, D. P. ( 1997 ) .Robert Maillart Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Billington, D. P. , & A Nazmy, A. ( 1991 ) . autobiography and aesthetics of cable-st ayed Bridgess.Journal of structural Engineering, 117( 10 ) , 3103-3134.Billington, S. L. ( 1997 ) .Bettering standard Bridgess through aesthetic guidelines and attractive, efficient concrete infrastructures.University of Texas at Austin.Burke Jr, M. P. ( 1989 ) . Bridge Design and the Bridge Aesthetics Bibliograph .Journal of Structural Engineering, 115( 4 ) , 883-899.Burke, M. P. , & A Montoney, J. ( 1996 ) . Science, engineering science, and aesthetics three facets of design excellence.Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1549( 1 ) , 93-98.Draper, P. , Garlock, M. E. , & A Billington, D. P. ( 2008 ) . Finite-element analysis of Felix Candelas chapel of Lomas de Cuernavaca.Journal of Architectural Engineering, 14( 2 ) , 47-52.Gauvreau, P. ( 2007 ) . Invention and aesthetics in span technology.The Canadian Civil Engineer, 23( 5 ) , 10-12.Guest, J. K. , Draper, P. , & A Billington, D. P. ( 2012 ) . Santiago Calatravas Alamillo span and the thought of the structural applied scientist as creative person.Journal of Bridge Engineering, 18( 10 ) , 936-945.Honigmann, C. , & A Billington, D. P. ( 2003 ) . Conceptual design for the Sunniberg Bridge.Journal of Bridge Engineering, 8( 3 ) , 122-130.Hu, N. , & A Dai, G. From separate to combinethe dynamic boundary line between architectural art and structural art.Hu, N. , Feng, P. , & A Dai, G.-L. ( 2014 ) . Structural art Past, nowadays and hereafter.Engineering Structures, 79, 407-416.Ivankova, N. V. , Creswell, J. W. , & A Stick, S. L. ( 2006 ) . Using mixed-methods consecutive explanatory design From theory to pattern.Field Methods, 18( 1 ) , 3-20.Khan, F. R. ( 1981 ) . Structural Theories and their Architectural ExpressionA Review of Possibilities.The Chicago Architectural Journal, 1, 41.Lambert, S. ( 1993 ) .Form Follows Function Design in the 20 Th coke Victoria & A Albert Museum London.Leonhardt, F. ( 1984 ) .Bridges.Lothian, A. ( 1999 ) . ornament and the doctri ne of aesthetics is landscape quality inherent in the landscape or in the oculus of the perceiver?Landscape and urban planning, 44( 4 ) , 177-198.Malan, R. , & A Bredemeyer, D. ( 2002 ) . Less is more with minimalist architecture.IT professional, 4( 5 ) , 48, 46-47.Menn, C. ( 1996 ) . The topographic point of aesthetics in span design.Structural technology international, 6( 2 ) , 93-95.Nervi, P. L. ( 1965 ) .Aestheticss and engineering in edifice Harvard Univ Pr.Rodriguez, S.The Role of Aesthetics in Bridge Design.Paper presented at the Structures Congress 2008 sCrossing Boundary lines.Sabina Khan, Y. ( 2013 ) . Dr. Fazlur R. Khan ( 19291982 ) technology innovator of modern architecture.Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 9( 1 ) , 1-7.Saliklis, E. P. , Bauer, M. , & A Billington, D. P. ( 2008 ) . Simplicity, Scale, and Surprise Evaluating Structural Form.Journal of Architectural Engineering, 14( 1 ) , 25-29.Schlaich, J. ( 2006 ) . EngineeringStructural ArtArtJames Carpente r( pp. 8-9 ) Springer.Sev, A. ( 2001 ) . Integrating architecture and structural signifier in tall sword edifice design.CTBUH Review, 1( 2 ) , 24-31.Tashakkori, A. , & A Creswell, J. W. ( 2007 ) . Column The new epoch of assorted methods.Journal of assorted methods research, 1( 1 ) , 3-7.Bondage, A. P. , & A Billington, D. P. ( 2008 ) . Bayonne Bridge The Work of Othmar Ammann, Master Builder.Journal of Bridge Engineering, 13( 6 ) , 635-643.Torroja, E. ( 1962 ) .Doctrine of Structure University of California Press.Troitsky, M. S. ( 1994 ) .Planing and design of Bridgess John Wiley & A Sons.Woodruff, S. , & A Billington, D. P. ( 2007 ) . Aesthetics and economic system in prosaic span design.International Journal of Space Structures, 22( 1 ) , 81-89.

Emotional Intelligence and Effective Managerial Leadership

Emotional Intelligence is the study of emotions and their imp set upon the work environment. This definition mustiness allow for external particularors. Hughes writes an effective attracter will have impact upon their team and this is app arnt in the growing interest over the past decade in topics like the leaders genuineness, authenticity, credibility and trustiness (3).A leaders reflection of these attributes is found in their level of connectedness with employees. As a result leaders are more interested in mentoring and readying their team rather than focusing on output of numbers or turn around time. These qualities are a good indicator for selecting a potential manager. This development in team building allows for providing people opportunities to learn from their work rather than taking them away from their work to learn (Hughes 4).Emotional Intelligence relies upon the fact the leader will be able to have a competent level of interaction with the employee. It reflects su ccessful leading by allowing for complex relationships for team members by recognizing relationship building, capacity of visions and personal development. Emotional Intelligence for a leader means being able to read people, be read and allow for subject dialogue. A corporation wants to hire someone emotionally intelligent because they have an understanding of the harmony between personal and professional personalities.To provide effective managerial leadership, one must display a certain level of Emotional Intelligence. It has been found today business leaders rank Emotional Intelligence capabilities as critical to the success of todays leaders (Business Executives 1). Employees look up to management for guidance. By displaying Emotional Intelligence, the leader defines the boundaries for the team and creates an atmosphere for building relationships. This in turn creates stronger teams. In todays company, the role of management also involves leadership within a team structure.A l eader with a high level of Emotional Intelligence knows distant factors play a role in professional demeanor and have found a way to balance such behaviors. Also they are challenged by this balance and have a competitive edge. It is resilience, Hughes explains that allows individuals to take difficult experiences in their lives and use them as opportunities to learn (12). There is a level of change involve with studying Emotional Intelligence. The leader comprehends change as a constant everyday factor. The leaders role is to sell the idea of change, commitment and expectations.A leader must also display curiosity, have guts and be a dominant force. Bennis reflects, there are two kinds of people those who are paralyzed by fear, and those who are afraid but go ahead away. Life is not about limitation but options (185). By understanding emotions, one can improve their birth filtering of surroundings and enjoy greater success through relationships.Finally, competition is brutal and the global market continues to shrink due to communication technologies. It is important in leadership to embrace change and stick to a vision. By having Emotional Intelligence one can recognize the physical and mental signs of our feelings/emotions before we can act on them meaningfully and constructively (Eby Ruin par 20).

Audi Swot

Audi began Germany in 1932 , it was formed the merger of four different cartaker, In 1969 Volkswagen acquired the business in 2008 Audi delivered more than one million cars to customer. at once the business goes from strength to strength and manufacturers in many parts of the world including India. This is a manufacturer of actually high quality cars tend to be highly engineered robust and priced at a exchange premium take. STRENGTH Audis reputation is undoubtedly based upon a very strong brand. In fact the four sound of Audi is one of the most identifiable logos and images globally.The brand is very innovative and the range is continually developed and extended. Being a German technology product, simply Audi has a reputation for operations management and its production approaches. The company manufactures in excess of 1 million autos a year. Interestingly, more than 1000 of these cars are Lamborghinis, Audis premium supercar brand. The company manufactures cars in the German cit ies of Ingolstadt and Neckarsulm. Audi is also renowned for technology, creativity and innovation.The business invests almost $3 billion every year in research and training for its new products. Historically, the companys innovations are quite impressive for example, Audi Quattros four-wheel-drive technology. New innovations include light emitting diode headlights (you may have seen them on the highway) and also MultiMedia interface (MMI), which is a mash up of entertainment technology, navigation technology, and communication technology including telephones as well as other innovations, which also improve passenger safety. WeaknessesOne evoke problem for the business is that whilst it is a very large vehicle manufacturer, it doesnt operate on the same massive scale as some of its close competitors, including intersection and Toyota. A simple revenue analysis based upon units produced shows that its competitors can make equivalent vehicles more cheaply, simply because of econ omies of scale. That is to say relative unit are comparatively higher. Audis are German and its brand is associated with its national identity. Whilst in some ways this is a strength, others might view this as a particular issue.The brand is very dependent upon its European markets. It is relatively small in North America. Some of the sustained sales in Europe have to be due to environmental initiatives and incentives offered by European governments, and this wont go on forever. The European market might also go into decline, simply because of the debt being experienced by large markets such as the Greece, Ireland and Spain. In common with some of its competitors including Toyota , Audi has also had to endure the embarrassment of product recalls.Especially for a brand which encompasses security and safety, this could potentially be damaging. In North America, there have been problems with gearboxes (transmissions) . Similar problems occurred in the South Korean market. Opportunitie s Without a doubt the new emerging markets of China and India are huge opportunities for Audi. New car sales are growing in both countries as consumers are getting wealthier and more discerning, they need status brands such as Audi. By 2015, the Indian car market is going to be huge, with estimated sales reaching more than $40 billion.In China figures indicate that sales will be in excess of 250,000 million vehicles in a similar period of time. Audi with its innovative history is obviously investing heavily in vehicles which are little emission and will be targeted at the greener car market. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) will become very popular in the large countries of the United States and China, whereby gun stations will become s mooly replaced by plug-in stations. So obviously the growth of environmentalism and the nature of global warming mean that consumers are calling for low emissions alternatives.Hopefully in the coming years, the global car market will begin to recover and car sales and production will increase. There are a number of drivers. Government programs which offer incentives to consumers to ditch their old gas guzzler to replace it with a modern hybrid car for example, mean an increase in sales. The problems associated with raising credit in Western nations will hopefully disappear and consumers will begin to take loans to finance their vehicle again. Audi has become a shrivelled business by increasing its profit per vehicle and reducing its inventory.Threats Like any business which operates in a global economic environment, Audi has to deal with local anaesthetic business environments. For example, regulations by local governments in relation to emissions or safety, or even strategic alliances with local companies in order to enter a market, such as China. All please add to the bottom line and reduce margins potentially. Trading in a global market means that the business is basically exposed to commodity price fluctuations. Steel pr ices have been on a helter-skelter.Commodity prices vary, and it makes it difficult for Audi to keep costs steady. In the car industry, generally, the largest threat relates to the nature and level of competition in what is a mature industry. There are a number of similar brands including BMW and Mercedes. Car production globally tends to move where the high dependance on labour cannot impact its cost base, so over years to come more manufacturing will move to India and China, where costs of labour are lower. The German worker is comparatively expensive.

The British Politics

Structural-Functionalism in politics states that the policy-making system is composed of different institutions which includes interest groups, political parties, government bodies and a bureaucratic machinery. In nature, this political model is conservative as it is not responsive to political changes. Its first objective is to ensure its own survival (London). In British politics, its informant for survival had been visible over time.Its parliamentary development over the centuries, and the emergence of the two-house parliament is a way of coping to the changing political calls intended for survival. invade articulation and aggregation in this light has been effective because the citizens of the country and the parliament as well is anchored on the basis of their shared sense of justice. integrity which is believed that they are accountable for the laws that are being enacted. The parliament system has gone through many changes over time.A strength in the system can be attribut ed to the fact that since it has gone through many eras, changes has occurred and in a way, those changes have improved the system as a whole. The system is now well-established and it since leadership in the higher level goes from generation to generation, it is stable and the government form and leaders will not change as often as other political systems do. However, its weaknesses lie on the same thing that its governance is being inherited.It whitethorn be the case that the next heir for the position will not reconcile perfectly to become a leader. Or that the leaders shall use their powers and family prestige in pursuit of their own interest. Thus it is inevitable that future leaders may make a mistake due to incapacity or selfishness that the hereditary process of leadership entails. Works Cited A Parliament for England. October 9, 2007 London, Scott. On Structural Functionalism. October 9, 2007

Memo for ABC Complete Kitchens Inc Essay

Great organizations demand a high level of commitment by the concourse involved- Bill Gates. IntroductionHaving the right man for the right job is imperative for unified success. The person that installs the cabinetry for rudiment Inc. is probably not the same person you want managing the pecuniary responsibilities and obligations. Employees of first principle Complete Kitchens Inc. encompass a similar work ethic, professionalism and accountability however their skills vary and need to be accommodated suitably within the fraternity. Maintaining this level of expectation is imperative to achieve organizational success. Maturity, health, fiscal stability and the ability to compensate accordingly to current and long name financial challenges is the responsibility of the financial manager and within this organization or for rudiment Inc. the Chief Financial Officer (CFO).The CFO assesses, directs, monitors, controls, develops strategies, plans for current and long term financia l goals and most importantly determines the organizations investment decisions. The CFO and/or financial manager must weigh the costs and benefits of all investments and projects and decide which of them qualify as straightforward parts of the m onenessy (Northcentral University, 2011. 7 709). This is money invested by others as well as yourselves within this community. There are three main tasks financial managers are answerable for beyond applying managementstandards to financial capital or income of this conglomerate. These consist of making (preferably good) investment decisions, financial decisions and managing the companys money flow on a day to day and a long term basis. In order to stand behind these investment decisions, it is imperative to understand the terminology and processes within the financial systems development. AssetsAssets are items of ownership that plunder be converted into bullion or have an exchange value. They are investments this company has made. From an accounting point of view, assets can be divided further into two categories, current and long-term assets. Current assets are bullion or other liquid items that can be turned into cash within one year. Marketable securities are short term, low risk investments such as, the current stock you hold and what it is worth(predicate) or can be sold at. Accounts receivable are debts owed to this company by consumers for products and services provided already on credit. Inventories are assets comprised of raw materials such as cabinetry, sinks, and appliances including kitchens being currently installed that first rudiment Inc. still owns.There are other current assets that we will view on our brace sheet later on and they are mostly post compensable expenses and deferred assets as well as expenditures for future costs such as insurance, rent and interest. Intangible assets have no physical existence. These can include capable property or employees who attain knowledge and ski ll (NCU, 2011. 713). If the employee leaves to go to another organization, this is considered an intangible asset. Perception of the company within the community is important. Take for subject the communities perception of the company. Wal-Mart and most recently Target with their credit card theft issue experienced intangible assets. Copyrights, patents and goodwill are also intangible assets. Recently, I was asked if I was going to fire an employee who made a mistake that cost the company $600,000. No, I replied, I just spent $600,000 training him. Why would I want somebody to hire his experience?-Thomas J. Watson (founder of IBM).LiabilitiesA liability is an obligation to creditors, an entity arising from past transactions, where the settlement can result in the transfer of assets,services or other yielding of benefits in the future. They include any type of borrowing from persons or banks for improving on a business or increasing in the flesh(predicate) income. Liabilities of t his company are duties or responsibilities that require settlement by future use of assets at or by a specific date, over a short or long term period or possibly on demand. Liabilities are categorized as current and long-term classification. Classifying liabilities as every current or long term will assist ABC Incs CFO assess if the risk of these liabilities will involve disbursement of cash or further company assets in the near or distant future. A current liability will be satisfied within one year. Diving deeper into the definition of current liabilities, a company also identifies them as debts that are expected to be taken care of with current assets or with the use of other current liabilities.Accounts payable are considered the total sum of monies or obligations owed to purveyors for goods and/or services purchased with credit. When accounts payable are paid off, it represents a negative cash flow for the company. Short-term debt otherwise cognise as notes payable is the rei mbursement that will occur within the next year to satisfy a debt. Items that are known monies of the company that have not been paid such as the salary for employees or taxes and deferred or unearned profit that has been received for products that have not been distributed are classified within the current liability category (NCU, 2011. 723-24). Long-term liabilities are debts payable over a longer period of time and distant current liabilities, extend beyond one year. Examples of these are long-term debts, a capitol lease and deferred taxes. Long-term debt involves the obligation of our company to compensate our providers for a period of time that extends beyond one year.Currently, ABC Incs long-term debt consists of the construction of buildings overseas as well as most of our products utilized in the assembly of the kitchens. A capitol lease is a contract that requires this organization to make scheduled payments in exchange for the use of a certain asset. An agreement is made between ABC Inc. and another proprietor to compensate for use of things such as equipment, the plant or property. ABC Inc. needs to bear this risk and act as if it is have as a company asset. Deferred taxes are taxes this company owes but has yet to pay. They appear as a liability because eventually they will be paid for however currently the company has exceeded its financialincome. Owners Equity or Shareholders EquityOwners or shareholders equity is the ownerships interest in a bay window in the stochastic variable of common or preferred stock. This amount is calculated and identified as shareholders equity, net worth or book value (Averkamp, 2013). The equity a company has is determined by taking the total assets and subtracting the total liabilities. Equity is the quantity of ABC Incs assets that you as shareholders own, as opposed to what the company borrowed. Owners equity is also classified as net worth or net assets its your interest as owners in this company. Equity can be considered as the calculation of a companys money that is left over if an asset were converted to cash and all of the current and long-term liabilities against it are paid. Equity is the stock this company and you as individuals possess, it is the value of the assets that you the proprietor actually own. Assets are equal to equity plus liabilities, thus indicating how much of the companys assets belong to or are owned and by whom. The Balance SheetThe rest or statement of financial position lists the companys assets and liabilities, providing a model of the corporations financial position at any given time. The balance sheet summarizes the remainder of all the assets, liabilities and overall worth of a companys accounts as of a specific date, usually the last day of the accounting period or the last day of the quarter or fiscal year (Thomsett, 2011). The fundamental accounting equation is the sum of all asset account balances is equal to the sum of liabilities plus net worth acc ounts. It can at times be utilized and analyzed as an estimate of the liquidation worth of the corporation, aiding in foreseeing the value that would be left if the assets were bought and liabilities remunerated. A balance sheet must provide a fair and valid view of an organizations state of affairs as well as stable by the provisions of GAAP in its preparation. A balance sheet statesWhat assets the company ownsHow assets are paid forWhat the company owes or what they are liable for bar left after satisfying their debtsBalance Sheet Analysis and Current RatioAnalyzing the balance sheet assesses the companys value, control and short term cash needs. The balance sheet is a quantitative summary of a companys financial situation or condition at a specific point in time, including but not limited to assets, liabilities and net worth. The first part of a balance sheet shows all the productive assets a company owns, and the second part shows all the financing procedures, the liabilities a nd the shareholders equity. This is better seen from the table demonstrated on the next page. The asset accounts are add oned together, providing the total amount of the corporations properties prior to being decreased by debts and obligations. The balance sheet is comprised of assets and liabilities, each with similar sub-groups providing a final explanation of the balance sheet branch for reference.The total of all liabilities plus net worth accounts is always equal to the total of all assets, WITHOUT EXCEPTION How is the balance accomplished? The sum of liabilities and net worth is always equal to the value of all asset accounts because of double-entry bookkeeping. Every entry has a debit and a credit and these are equal in value. They whitethorn also be thought of as a plus and a minus. At any time, the sum of all accounts in the corporate books will add up to zero, because debits and credits offset one another (Thomsett, 2013). It is important to remember that creditors often compare a companys current assets and current liabilities to appraise whether or not the company has adequate working capital to endure their short-term financial needs. This comparison can be summarized in the companys current ratio. The current ratio is the percentage of current assets in relation to their current liabilities. A higher current ratio gives the implication of the company experiencing little risk of a cash deficit in the near future (NCU, 2011. 7727).The Income StatementThe income statement shows the companys net income or advantageousness during a specific period of time. The income statement can also be referred to as the profit and loss, or P&L statement, and the net income is also referred to as the companys earnings (NCU, 2011). The income statement is based on the accounting equation that income equals revenue minus expenses which in turn illustrates the value of the owners equity as increasing or decreasing. The income statement analysis explains how the p rofitability ofthe company relates to the companys shares. Different ratios are used providing information on ABC Incs operation and worth (NCU, 2011). ConclusionThis leaves us now analyzing not exactly the national but also the international fiscal aspects of ABC Complete Kitchens Incorporated. Generating sales overseas is taking this company to new heights within the business world. The income statement or statement of financial performance catalogs the companys revenues and expenses. It is putting our name on the map while increasing profit, employment opportunities and as the Board of Directors you are responsible for maintaining this stature. This position is not only exciting, it is manageable as well. As a project manager I foresee significant advancement within all of the departments. If everyone involved collaborates cohesively, communicates respectfully and complies with ABC Complete Kitchen Incorporateds mission and vision, the finality will be a company that ultimately produces an exceptional product with complete customer and corporate satisfaction.ReferencesAverkamp, H. (2013). What is owners equity? Accounting Coach, LLC. Fort Atkinson, WI Retrieved from http//www.accountingcoach.com/privacy-policy (2011). SKS 5000- Business strategies for organizational effectiveness within the global perspective. Pearson Learning Solutions ISBN 9780558870447 (2013). List of key accounting terms and definitions. InvestorGuide Staff.Retrieved from http//www.investorguide.com/article/13789/list-of-key-accounting- terms-and-definitions/Thomsett, M., C. (2013). The balance sheet. Getting Started in Stock Investing and TradingRetrieved from http//www.investorguide.com/article/12689/the-balance-sheet-ws/

A Walk in the Woods

Bill Brysons 1998 literary work takes its readers imagination, as the title suggests, to A Walk in the Woods.The author returning back to the United States after living for 20 years outside the country decided to the reconnect with his home ornament and hikes the Appalachian cross. In Bill Brysons account of the Appalachian Trail, both historical and environmental information is received by the readers. More specifically the environmental crisis and its causes are dealt in this Brysons book. For some, environmental issues are quite uninteresting and dull.However, readers of this book are still compelled to continuously read it because of its humor and thought-provoking exploration of the wild. Moreover, Bill Brysons style and themes informs and teaches several environmental issues and concerns to its readers while entertaining them. Though, by scanning the history and events in other areas, it can be express that Bill Brysons accounted environmental problems in his book does not o ccur solely in the Appalachian Trail, rather it is a world-wide problem.Bill Bryson accounts that the Appalachian Trail is 2200 miles, and I think he is telling the truth. Based on what I have learned (or know) about, the Appalachian Trail is a 2,147-mile-long footpath from Georgia to Maine, which follows the ridgetops of the fourteen states finished which it passes.Although other people had put forth similar judgements, Benton MacKayes article An Appalachian Trail A Project in Regional Planning, is usually looked upon as having presented the impetus for the Appalachian Trail.A regional planner, MacKaye saw in the post-World War I era an America that was becoming hastily urbanized, machine-driven and far detached from the domineering reinvigorating aspects of the natural world. In addition to endowing with obvious recreational opportunities, the trail he imagined or visualized would be a linking line between a series of everlasting self-sustaining camps in wherein cooperation wo uld replace antagonism, trust replaces suspicion, and emulation replaces competition.Encouraged and supported by relatives, friends, and like-minded acquaintances, MacKaye set about disseminating the idea of an Appalachian Trail to any sensation who would listen, as well as officials of the National Park and National Forest Services.Particularly interested to the trail concept were members and officers of previously existing trail organizations such as the color Mountain Club of Vermont, the New England Trail Conference, and the Appalachian Mountain Club. Not overlooking the advertising power of the press, MacKaye also solicited the help of newspaper reporters and columnists throughout the Northeast.The idea struck a chord form in October 1923, just two years after publication of his article, the first few miles of trail to be build particularly as a part of the Appalachian Trail were opened to the public in the area of Harriman and Bear Mountain State place in New York by the th en recently formed New York-New Jersey Trail Conference.Acting upon a request by MacKaye and others, the Federal Societies on Planning and Parks met in Washington, D.C, in March 1925, for the intention of furthering action on the Appalachian Trail.There, an organization establishing the Appalachian Trail Conference (now known as Appalachian Trail Conservancy, committed to the protection and management of the trail) was adopted, and William A. Welch, of New Yorks Palisades Interstate Park Commission, was named its chairman. Throughout the meeting, it was determined that the Appalachian Trail would run approximately 1,700 miles (which is 500 miles less(prenominal) than Bill Brysons measurement or the length of Appalachian Trail today) from Mount Washington in New Hampshire to Cohutta Mountain in northwestern Georgia.A blue extension was to stretch to Mount Katahdin in Maine while a southern addition would reach all of the way to Birmingham Alabama. Among various branch routes that we re also proposed, one was to follow the Long Trail in Vermont, another would extend into the Catskills, and another was to run along the Tennessee River to Kentucky.

Case of Unocal Burma Essay

Work in progress at the Yadana pipeline project modern equivalent of slavery? Unocal Corporation, the calcium-based giant gas-and-pet placeum corporation, forget face struggle in a United States court on charges of forced force guts of Burmese people to build the $1. 2 billion Yadana bobble Pipeline flip in southern Burma. On September 18 last year(2012), a panel of the U. S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in Pasadena change a previous Federal District Court termination and allowed the groundbreaking military man rights lawsuit against Unocal to go forward.In the Doe v. Unocal case, 11 Burmese villagers argon suing Unocal for benignant rights abuses including rape, forced labour and murder during the building of the Yadana gas pipeline project in Burma. This is a landmark decision, said Richard L. Herz, an attorney with the non-profit group EarthRights global (ERI), co-counsel in the lawsuit. In recognising that corporations that aid and abet egregious man rights abuses can be held accountable, the Ninth Circuit has affirmed that U. S. corporations cannot violate international human rights with impunity. The decision said that plaintiffs need only demonstrate that Unocal knowingly assisted the military machine in the perpetration of the abuses, and that they had done so. The court also found that forced labour such as that employed by the Burmese military on behalf of the Unocal pipeline is the modern equivalent of slavery. The ruling stated, The evidence supports the conclusion that Unocal gave interoperable assistance to the Myanmar Military in subjecting Plaintiffs to these acts of murder and rape.Thus, because Unocal knew that acts of violence would probably be act, it became liable as an aider and abettor when such acts of violence, specifically, murder and rape were in event committed. The legal battle began six years ago when Burmese villagers filight-emitting diode a suit in U. S. federal court demanding that Unocal leave millions o f dollars in damages for abuses committed by soldiers along the Yadana pipeline.However, in 2000, despite the court finding evidence that Unocal knew that forced labour was being utilised and that the joint venturers benefited from the practice, thefederal jurist dismissed the case because the federations conduct did not rise to the level of active participation a liability standard borrowed from the Nuremberg war crimes trials involving the role of German industrialists in the Nazi forced-labour programme. Lawyers for the Burmese villagers responded by filing a new lawsuit under state law and making m each of the kindred charges in the Superior Court in Los Angeles. In June 2002, the California Superior Court Judge Victoria Chaneys decision held that plaintiffs claims might proceed to trial.The trial of the California State case is scheduled to start in early 2003. The lawyers for the Burmese villagers also appealed the federal judges dismissal last year, which led to the ruling by the Ninth Circuit Court on September 18 last year. Although the Ninth Circuit Court has sent the case back to the lower federal court for trial, the villagers lawyers said they would ask Superior Court Judge Victoria Gerrard Chaney to apply the new liability standard in the California State trial.Unocal maintains that its actions are not on trial in the California case and that the company expects to be vindicated of vicarious liability charges. Responding to the federal decision, Unocals lawyer Daniel M. Petrocelli said What the case is about is whether a private American company can be held responsible for the actions of a foreign military administration when the company itself didnt do any of the offending conduct. No Unocal person participated in any acts of wrongdoing, Petrocelli said. Unocal does not have, nor ever had, any control over the actions of the Myanmar military.The company does not direct, countenance or condone the assault of any persons human rights, and it certainly did not aid or abet the violation of anyones human rights. And if that is the standard that is applied in this case, we are confident we will meet that standard. During the early 1990s, ignoring widespread calls from the Burmese democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi and pro-democracy groups general for a moratorium on international investment, transnational oil companies Unocal (U. S. ) and Total (France) chose to invest in a regime with one of the worst human rights and environmental records in the world.In 1992, the Burmese military government entered into a joint venture with Unocal and Total to construct a gas pipeline from the Yadana gas fields in Burmas Gulf of Martaban to the Thai border. This represents the single largest foreign investment project in Burma. The Yadana gas revenue is one of the largest sources of foreign capital for the Burmese military government. The Burmese military regime was contracted by the oil companies to provide security for the project. E ver since, the Burmese army has engaged in systematic human rights abuses and environmental degradation in order to fulfil its contractual responsibilities.The U. S. court accepted the case against Unocal based on extensive documentation including eyewitness accounts of human rights abuses in the pipeline region provided by ERI. Along the Burmese pipeline route, killings, torture, rape and extortion by pipeline security forces have increased sharply since the Yadana Project was initiated. Many villagers along the pipeline area provided eye-witness descriptions of forced labour Battalion No.273 came in to our village and asked for two porters to go to two places, including one find directly along the pipeline. These people had to go because it was their turn.The soldiers ordered a total of 18 porters from our village tract. The work lasted about 20 days, and they did not get any payment. I know they did not get payment because that was always the case, and it was the same again. Th e influx of soldiers in the previously isolated Tenasserim region also caused an increase in illegal hunting, logging, and wildlife trade.The region is one of the largest rainforest tracts left in mainland Southeast Asia, home to wild elephants, tigers, rhinos and great hornbills, to name just a few uncommon and important species. It is also home to numerous indigenous peoples, including the Mon, Karen, and Tavoyans. An incriminating piece of evidence is a declassified cable sent from the U. S. Embassy in Rangoon to the U. S. State division in 1995 that confirms Unocals affinity with the Burmese military and their collusion in forced labour. Known as the Robinson Cable, the cable chronicles a meeting betwixt the U.S. embassy staff and Joel Robinson, Unocals manager for special projects.According to the cable, Robinson accepts Unocals relationship with the Burmese military On the general issue of the close working relationship between Total/Unocal and the Burmese military, Robins on had no apologies to make. He stated forthrightly that the companies have acquired the Burmese military to provide security for the project and pay for this through the Myanmar Oil and Gas Enterprise (MOGE). He said three truckloads of soldiers accompany project officials as they conduct survey work and visit villages.He said Totals security officials meet with military counterparts to inform them of the next days activities so that soldiers can ensure the area is conceptive and guard the work perimeter while the survey team goes about its business. Tyler Giannini of ERI said that the evidence belies Unocals claims that it is not responsible for the acts of the Burmese military. When Unocal and Total hire the military, tell them where to go, what to do, and depend on them for the security of their project, they are morally and legally responsible for the abuses that their security forces commit. Unocal was dealing with the devil.Now they will have to answer to a jury, he said. Doe v. Unocal is the first case in U. S. history in which a corporation will stand trial for human rights abuses committed abroad. man rights lawyers have viewed the court decision on Unocal as a breakthrough for foreigners seeking to hold multinational corporations accountable for their alleged complicity with repressive regimes in human rights abuses. With at least 10 similar lawsuits pending around the U. S. against multinational corporations, including ChevronTexaco Corp. and Coca-Cola Co. , the Unocal court ruling will encourage human rights lawyers to proceed on these cases.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Technology

Good afternoon everyone. The topic for our debate is that technology is making us less alienated, more sociable and more human. We, the negative team believe this statement is true. The setoff vocaliser Lily of the affirmative team has assay to tell you that this is wrong beca work the second speaker Lin of the affirmative team has tried to tell you that this is wrong because the third speaker of the affirmative team Moha has tried to tell you that this is wrong because our first speaker Bob has told you that he also spoke to you about our second speaker MB has told you that e lso spoke to you about our third speaker Ahemed has told you that he also spoke to you about so, in conclusion, our team. We cannot escape from the absolute need of technology in our daily disembodied spirit. We are so dependent on technology that we cannot do without them. Starting from computers to keeping fit, we require technology at every step. Technology helps us to keep in touch with people who are away from us. We use the telephones and computers to talk to them and even check off them. Our daily office work is also technology based. No longer do people use the pen and paper to complete their work.We maintain our health by going to the gyms. There are machines in the gym which help us reduce our weight and keep fit. The use of technology has made our life comfortable. We cannot think of a life sans technology. We get to keep a lot of information in a small device and use it when we like. Cars have also become better with the use of technology. Thus technology is undeniably an important of our life. Communication has been made easier for example the internet has brought email and chatting facilities. Instead of sending earn to respective destinations, it is very easy to send an email which will be received instantly.

History of Nestle Essay

In 1866, Anglo-Swiss Condensed milk familiarity set up the first European condensed milk pulverization in Cham, Switzerland. In 1985, the founder of Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company who is German pharmacist Henri Nestri. He had save the spirit of his neighbors child by using Farine lectee. Farine lectee product is do by cows milk, wheat flour and sugar. Henri clutch embodied many of the key attitudes and values that form part and constituent of the corporation culture that included pragmatism, flexibility, the willingness to learn, an open mind and respect for other people and culture.In 1905, the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company that own by Americans Charles and George Page, merged with nestle. In 1920s, the economics is in downturn that cause come near to suffer a lot, the operations partially streamlined, but the company was able to continue with acquisition of Cailler, Peter, Kohler Swiss Chocolate Company, chocolate became an integral part of nestle business. In that moment, variety product being say which included Milo. In 1938, Nescafe coffee was launched by nestle. After two year, Nescafe became an instant success and followed by Nestea. come on try to reorganize the organization by introduce new product after economic downturn.In 1939, during the World War II, members of the board and General Management were transferred to US, coordinate Nestle activities in Western Hemisphere, the British Empire and Overseas. The War help Nescafe coffee became a staple beverage of American serviceman in Europe and Asia.In 1945, the end of the globe also the beginning of particular dynamic phase of nestle. some new product are introduce after war end. Maggie product were intro in 1947. In 1948, the instant chocolate, Nesquik was developed in US.In 1974, Nestle became a major shareholder in Loreal, the world leading makers of cosmetic. In 1977, nestle again merge with Alcon getatories Inc, a U.S manufacturer of pharmaceutical and ophthalmic products. A boycott against Nestle was initiated by the U.S based organization Infant Formula Action Coalition about(predicate) the promotion on the infant formula in developing country. The boycott end in 1984 by signing a Statement of Understanding between Nestle and International Nestle Boycott Committee. In 1986, Nespresso story began that enable anyone to create the perfect cup of espresso coffee, just like a skilled barisa.In 1988, the Italian brand Buitoni became a part of Nestle . Buitoni more concern on quality, creativity and tradition. In 1988, Baby Milk Action launched a product to against nestle until today. In 2001, Nestle merged with Ralston Purina Company to form a new pet company, Nestle Purina PetCare Company. In 2002 two more acquisition was made the merger of U.S Nestle ice cream with Dreyers and acquisition of Chef America Inc, a leading glacial food product business.In 2003, the Movenpick Ice cream that own by Nestle had enhance Nestle to became market leader in super p remium category. In May 2010, Nestle launched Nestl Cocoa device with high quality, disease-resistant plantlets to farmers which aim to help farmer rejuvenate their farms and increase productivity. In September 2010, Nestl Health scholarship and the Nestl Institute of Health Sciences was create. In March 2011, Nestle became the first infant formula manufacturer to be included in the FTSE4Good Index.Nestle in MalaysiaIn April 2011, Nestle partnership with Chinese food company, Yinlu, a manufacturer of ready-to-drink peanut milk and canned rice porridge. In November 2011, Nestle partner with the Fair Labor Association. This partnership will help Nestle investigate if children are working in cocoa farms that tote up to Nestle factories.Nestle began in Malaysia in 1912 as the Anglo-Swiss Condensed Milk Company in Penang and later, growth and elaboration made a move to Kuala Lumpur necessary in 1939. Since 1962, first factory in Petaling Jaya , Nestle Malaysia at a time manufacture i ts products in 7 factories and operates from its head office in Mutiara Damansara. Nestle was publicly listed on Bursa Malaysia Berhad on 13 December, 1989. The share price of Nestle is RM 59.420.Now, the Nestle employs more than 5000 people and manufactures as well as markets more than 300 Halal products in Malaysia. Its brand name such has MILO, NESCAF, MAGGI, NESPRAY and KIT computerized axial tomography have become trusted household names and enjoyed for generations.

Diaspora and Health?

Traditional Medicine and Culture in a Mexican Migrant Community in 2008. As members of the Mexican Diaspora acculturate/ assimilate to action in the united States they gain skills that help them improve their socioeconomic status (Walden, 2008), exactly their health deteriorates as their burnish is lost. The importance of cultural competence in nursing includes recognition of how the deterioration occurs and practice the principles of health c ar ethics through autonomy, beneficence, malefaction, and justice while practicing healthc be for this population (Demonic, 2015). Summary of ArticleThe journal article macrocosm reviewed for this paper is a deposital dissertation that studies the changes in over on the whole health of the Mexican Diaspora after migrating to the joined States. The writer presents a specific study group of migrant Mexican women in atomic number 31, as hale as some general Mexican immigrant information from other(a) sources, including California. The obje ctive seems to be to educate the health c ar providers on the overall health of the migrants related to their choices of lifestyles. The two choices being to last out in a low- in nonplus but migrant population, or to assimilate and acculturate into theAmerican populations. The primary research site for this study is in capital of Greece, Georgia and takes place in a Spanish-speaking low-income neighborhood named Los duplex house and it focuses on women. The economy in A consequentlys depends on the University students and much of the employment is with the service industry. The neighborhoods, or barrios, atomic number 18 small and isolated on the outskirts of town. Los Duplex has a community center that is nick named La Cellulite or Little School. The community center offers classes in English, parenting, nutrition, as well as after-school activities and homework help for kids.The community center has Eloped cultivate a sense of community among the residents, who come from ma ny different parts of Mexico (Wieldiest, 2008). After describing how the study group was chosen and what all the details of the study were, Wieldiest continues on with the explanation of the difference in health the Mexican migrants administration by either staying true to their culture or assimilating to their host culture. So many migrants come to America with the intention to work and return to their country and family, but when they start working and acculturating many of them study to stay.Wieldiest explains that Mexican women are well-educated as part of their up- ringing, almost the natural medicines. The native plants are employ for all purposes of health. The two most popular medicinal plants are chamomile and peppermint. Not only the natural plants, but the whole foods that the Mexican woman prepare are fresh and have more protein, vitamin A, C, folic acid, and calcium than what the American born Mexican women and the women of European descent prepare. Wieldiest expl ains that this is because Mexican womens definition of a good fast includes fruits, vegetables, and plenty of water.The women pointed out that mindful eating is important, only eating what the body needs, and eating outside of the home, oddly in the street leads to poor habits and sickness. Mexican women that were employ in this study pointed out that staying calm, avoiding anger, staying active, caring for oneself and others, and getting profuse sleep were also important, along with healthful eating. The migrants that came to America, but sought out their one culture to bouncy amongst stayed active physically and socially.The types of employment available were manual labor jobs, agriculture, factory, restaurant work all of which are active jobs where the errors had less chance to become sedentary and obese. By stay oning to their own neighborhoods and social groups they stayed glad and active. Medicine and medical care is taken care of in the homes by the Mexican woman usin g natural remedies and herbs. Wieldiest learned that Mexican families expect the women to learn about the medicine and how to use them.The fresh herbs are preferred over the dry herbs that are purchased in the stores in America, but the plants dont grow well in the America due to the weather changes. A most popular herb is chamomile to be used as a tea infusion. This is useful for Castro-intestinal problems because it has anti- spasmodic and anti-inflammatory properties. The women shared 42 different herbal remedies during the interviews. Two popular over-the-counter products the women used were Ethylene for headaches and Vics Vapor Rub for congestion.The most commons prescription medications include anti- fungal, high blood pressure, diabetes, and antibiotic medications. Application to Practice The Mexican Diaspora who remain the healthiest tend to stick to their own culture when they migrate, however the women of this study recognize the deed for professional medical treatment. Going to the doctor is reserved for the most serious sicknesses that do not respond to home remedies. For this reason the migrants interviewed for this study told about the free clinics, womens clinics, and public hospitals in Los Duplex area.Some Of the immigrants have insurance and some participate in low-income tending programs. The hospitals in Athens have a well-funded low-income assistance program that even covers UN-documented immigrants. The hospitals and clinics used for this study had interpreters and bi-lingual healthcare revisers. The hospitals employ social workers to help enroll the children in programs like Medicaid, Women Infants and Children (WICK), and a local program in Georgia called Peachier. Healthcare barriers cited by Wieldiest that were reported by the Mexican women of Los Duplex include those that most healthcare workers.High cost of healthcare, no health insurance, poor English skills, and lack of transportation are the main barriers. In chapter 25 of A dvanced Practice Nursing there is a definition for Principles of Healthcare Ethics obeisanceable principles are universal rules of induct that identify which kinds of actions, intentions and motives are valued (peg 554). This is only a fraction of the definition, to date it is so profound. The women of this study value community, love, family, and healthy living. They are raised and taught as children to take care, nurture, grow, and heal themselves and their families and friends.Mexican women are autonomous, they choose for themselves how to live healthy. They are beneficent by demonstrating kindness and helping others. The health care administration in place in the Los Duplex area should stay maleficent, avoid causing patients arm. If the women have exhausted the home remedies prior to taking their friends or family to the hospital they expect to be cared for, not harmed. Justice is the stipulation to be fair And this is another expectation when people go to a healthcare fa cility (Barker, 2013. pinpoint 554-556). Nursing interventions should be in put in place for each barrier presented by a patient.An example of a nursing intervention for a family in the Los Duplex would be to have all forms in Spanish and English along with some type of interpreter offered. While admitting a Mexican migrant patient into a hospital r clinic, attention should be given to the culturally common home remedies. Fifth intake nurse is educated in the culture and now the patient has hypertension, then what other natural herbs or fruits and vegetables is the patient taking in that could be contra-indicated with a medication, and therefore adaptation the high blood pressure medication that was previously prescribed, as useless.Nurses hold the power when it comes to connecting with patients, they are the drive force of the care continuum. The more the nurses know about the community culture and the patient culture, the better are can be offered and healthy outcomes achieved. Conclusion The study that was used for this dissertation touched on cay concepts of cultural sensitivity in communicating with Mexican Diaspora, especially the women who care for their families and friends.As a migrant culture, the Mexicans are healthier if left to take care of themselves with their home remedies of healthy herbs, healthy diets, healthy mental status, and healthy social groups. As health care providers, it is important to maintain an ethical health care surround and respect the autonomy of the Mexican women ascribed in this paper. They treat their families and friends with beneficence and the health care providers need to remain maleficent when assisting the patients with their illnesses.Meanwhile, the organization of healthcare systems need to treat every patient justly, address the language barriers, the pecuniary barriers, and insurance barriers with fairness and equality. The study of Los Duplex was a small group of Mexican migrants, and like other world cult ures, there are many more cultural differences. The most important point is to respect the patient, listen and do the best job possible to et the needs of the mother or father or child sitting in the chair in need of medical attention, no matter what culture they are from.

Organization Behavior & Communication Essay

The following is a couple of the relationships that argon considered when talking about Political Systems Justice by definition means to be fair piece treating others equally. Do unto others as you would have them do unto you and so forth. Judgment is the top executive to effectively assess the situation. You essentialiness be able to accurately understand the implications of the situation you atomic number 18 in so that you can rack up good decisions. Judgment is also known as common sense. Dependability is nearly self explanatory. plenty must be able to depend on you to provide support, accurate information, guidance and motivation. People must be able to trust in your honesty as well as your competence. One helpful way to look at conflict is in terms of power, rights, and interests. Framing the conflict as a power struggle, assertion of rights, or satisfaction of interests can dramatically affect the process and the outcome. If you are analyzing a conflict, identifying how the parties see the conflict in terms of power, rights, and interests can lead to transformative solutions not otherwise apparent.Power is the ability to have ones way against the wishes of another. Voting seems to be a simple example, whether a suffrage is for political office or organizational positions, the voters have the power to choose. Psychic Prisons According to the psychic prison metaphor, organizations are seen as socially constructed realities based on unconscious preoccupations of people in the organization. These socially constructed realities or cultures may be experienced as problematic and confining, which is the reason why Morgan uses the term psychic prisons.Morgan subsumes several(prenominal) explanations of human behavior based on psychological mechanisms under the psychic prison metaphor most(prenominal) of these theories assume that people develop unconscious mechanisms, and construct realities, in order to handle anxiety and desire, and that these mechanism s and realities are reflected in. While Political Systems are more so a courageous act physically ever-changing the system or situation, psychic prison works as it depicts a layer of organizational candor that is uncontrollable by nature conscious & unconscious processes, the two can work hand in hand.